Kapitalumschlag
Also: Kapitalumschlagshäufigkeit, Capital Turnover, Kapitalrotation, Umschlag des Kapitals
AI-generated
Capital turnover is a business metric that indicates how many times the capital employed is 'turned over' by revenue within a given period.
Key facts
- A high capital turnover signals that little capital is tied up relative to the revenue generated.
- In intralogistics, capital turnover can be influenced primarily through inventory levels, throughput times, and supplier terms.
- Capital turnover and inventory turnover measure related but distinct phenomena: one is finance-oriented, the other is stock-oriented.
- Smaller minimum order quantities, shorter lead times, and precise demand planning improve capital turnover directly.
- The metric must always be interpreted in an industry context, as typical benchmarks vary considerably depending on the business model.
Capital turnover sets a company's revenue in relation to the capital tied up in the business – typically total capital or inventory value. A high value indicates that every euro of capital employed generates many euros of revenue; a low value points to inefficiently tied-up capital, for example due to excessive inventory levels or long throughput times.
Calculation and Interpretation
The most common formula is: Capital Turnover = Revenue / Average Capital Employed. Depending on the question at hand, the denominator may be total capital, current assets, or specifically the inventory value. In logistics, the inventory value is frequently used, as warehouses and stock levels represent the largest controllable lever. The result is a dimensionless number: a value of 4 means that the capital employed is 'cycled through' four times per year.
Related terms
- ABC-Analyse
ABC analysis is a method for classifying items, vendors, or processes into three priority classes (A, B, C) based on their economic significance. It forms the basis for differentiated decision-making in warehousing, inventory management, and procurement.
- Bedarfsplanung
Demand planning refers to the systematic process by which a company determines what quantities of materials, goods, or resources are needed and when. It forms the foundation for inventory management, procurement, and warehouse planning.
- Beschaffungsplanung
Procurement planning refers to the process by which a company systematically determines which materials or goods need to be sourced, in what quantities, at what time, and from which suppliers.
- Bestandscontrolling
Inventory controlling refers to the systematic monitoring, analysis, and management of stock levels using defined key performance indicators. It connects logistics and procurement to reduce tied-up capital and ensure delivery capability.
- Bestandsführung
Inventory management refers to the system-supported administration and continuous updating of all warehouse and material stocks within a company. It forms the basis for planning, procurement and accounting – and ensures that the book inventory and physical inventory are in agreement at all times.
- Bestandsmanagement
Inventory management refers to the systematic planning, control, and monitoring of stock levels across the entire supply chain. The goal is to ensure delivery capability while keeping capital commitment and warehousing costs within economically viable limits.
- Bestellpunktverfahren
The reorder point method is a replenishment procedure in which an order is automatically triggered as soon as the current stock level falls below a predefined reorder point.
- Cost-to-Serve
Cost-to-Serve refers to the total costs incurred to fully serve a specific customer, customer segment, or order. The metric consolidates all relevant cost components along the order fulfillment process and enables cause-based cost allocation.
- Disposition
Disposition refers to the operational planning and control of resources, quantities, and orders in logistics – for example in transport or materials disposition. It encompasses capacity assignment, scheduling, prioritization, and response to disruptions.