Ladeeinheitensicherung

What is load unit securing?

Load unit securing encompasses all technical and organizational measures used to stabilize a load unit – most commonly a loaded pallet, but also wire mesh containers, carton bundles, or special carriers – so that it can withstand the stresses of transport. The goal is to prevent tipping, sliding, individual packages falling out, and mechanical damage. Load unit securing ends at the unit itself; securing that unit within a vehicle or container falls under the broader term of cargo securing.

Overview of typical securing means

In practice, different means are used depending on product type, weight, and transport route, and they can often be combined:

• Stretch film: Machine stretch or hand stretch wraps around the stack and holds packages together. The holding force achievable depends on film quality, number of wraps, and pre-tension.
• Strapping: Plastic or steel banding is applied horizontally or vertically around the load unit and secured – particularly for heavy or bulky goods.
• Edge protection: Cardboard or plastic angle pieces protect the edges of sensitive goods from being cut into by film or strapping.
• Anti-slip mats and interlayers: Increase friction between layers and reduce relative movement even during cornering or braking maneuvers.
• Hoods and shrink films: Cover the entire unit and simultaneously provide weather protection.
• Palletizing patterns: A well-thought-out layer structure – for example, interlocked stacking – contributes to stability even before any active securing measure is applied.

Manual versus automated securing

Small volumes or special formats are often secured manually. Once throughput increases, the use of semi-automatic or fully automatic stretch wrappers becomes economically viable. Fully automatic systems can be integrated into palletizing lines and achieve significantly higher and, above all, more consistent securing quality than the manual approach. Whether automation is worthwhile depends on volume, product mix, and the error tolerance of the transport network – blanket statements cannot be made here.

What matters when making a selection?

Three criteria are typically at the forefront. First, the requirements of carriers and recipients: some freight forwarders or trading partners contractually stipulate specific securing standards. Second, the product type: heavy, bulky, or sensitive goods require different means than lightweight standard cartons. Third, cost-effectiveness: material costs, machine depreciation, cycle time, and damage rates must be evaluated together. Workplace safety aspects also play a role, as improperly secured units can tip over during internal handling and endanger personnel. Standards and guidelines – such as those in the area of cargo securing – provide orientation, but do not replace an individual risk assessment.